Ana iya siffanta nanomaterials azaman kayan da suka mallaki, aƙalla, girman waje ɗaya mai auna 1-100nm.Ma'anar da Hukumar Tarayyar Turai ta bayar ta bayyana cewa girman barbashi na aƙalla rabin ɓangarorin a cikin girman adadin dole ne ya auna 100nm ko ƙasa.
Nanomaterials na iya faruwa ta dabi'a, a ƙirƙira su azaman samfuran halayen konewa, ko kuma a samar da su da gangan ta hanyar injiniyanci don yin aiki na musamman.Waɗannan kayan na iya samun mabanbanta kaddarorin jiki da sinadarai zuwa takwarorinsu na nau'i-nau'i.
Menene amfanin Nanomaterials?
Saboda ikon samar da kayan a wata hanya ta musamman don taka muhimmiyar rawa, amfani da nanomaterials ya mamaye masana'antu daban-daban, daga kiwon lafiya da kayan shafawa zuwa kiyaye muhalli da tsaftace iska.
Filin kiwon lafiya, alal misali, yana amfani da nanomaterials ta hanyoyi daban-daban, tare da babban amfani ɗaya shine isar da magunguna.Misali daya na wannan tsari shine ta yadda ake samar da nanoparticles don taimakawa safarar magungunan chemotherapy kai tsaye zuwa ga ci gaban daji, da kuma isar da magunguna zuwa wuraren da jijiyoyin da suka lalace domin yakar cututtukan zuciya.Ana kuma samar da sinadarin nanotubes na carbon nanotubes domin a yi amfani da su a cikin matakai kamar ƙara ƙwayoyin rigakafi ga nanotubes don ƙirƙirar firikwensin ƙwayoyin cuta.
A cikin sararin samaniya, ana iya amfani da carbon nanotubes a cikin morphing na fuka-fukan jirgin sama.Ana amfani da nanotubes a cikin nau'i mai haɗaka don lanƙwasa don amsa aikace-aikacen wutar lantarki.
A wani wuri, hanyoyin kiyaye muhalli suna amfani da nanomaterials ma - a wannan yanayin, nanowires.Ana haɓaka aikace-aikace don amfani da nanowires - zinc oxide nanowires- a cikin sassauƙar ƙwayoyin hasken rana da kuma taka rawa wajen maganin gurɓataccen ruwa.
Misalai na Nanomaterials da Masana'antu da ake amfani da su a ciki
Yin amfani da nanomaterials ya zama ruwan dare a cikin nau'ikan masana'antu da samfuran mabukaci.
A cikin masana'antar kayan shafawa, ana amfani da nanoparticles na ma'adinai - irin su titanium oxide - ana amfani da su a cikin hasken rana, saboda rashin kwanciyar hankali da kariyar UV ta al'ada ke bayarwa a cikin dogon lokaci.Kamar dai yadda babban abu zai yi, titanium oxide nanoparticles suna iya samar da ingantaccen kariya ta UV yayin da kuma suna da ƙarin fa'ida na cire farin fata mara kyau na kwaskwarima wanda ke da alaƙa da hasken rana a cikin nau'in nano-su.
Masana'antar wasanni suna samar da jemagu na wasan ƙwallon kwando waɗanda aka yi da carbon nanotubes, suna sa jemagu su yi sauƙi don haka suna haɓaka aikinsu.Ana iya gano ƙarin amfani da nanomaterials a cikin wannan masana'antar ta hanyar amfani da nanotechnology na antimicrobial a cikin abubuwa kamar tawul da tabarmi da masu wasanni ke amfani da su, don hana cututtuka da ƙwayoyin cuta ke haifar da su.
An kuma samar da nanomaterials don amfani da su a aikin soja.Misali ɗaya shine yin amfani da nanoparticles pigment na wayar hannu don samar da mafi kyawun nau'in kamanni, ta hanyar allurar barbashi cikin kayan kayan soja.Bugu da ƙari, sojoji sun ƙirƙira tsarin firikwensin ta amfani da nanomaterials, kamar titanium dioxide, waɗanda za su iya gano abubuwan halitta.
Yin amfani da nano-titanium dioxide kuma ya ƙara yin amfani da shi a cikin sutura don samar da saman tsabtace kai, kamar na kujerun lambun filastik.An halicci fim ɗin da aka rufe a kan rufin, kuma duk wani datti ya narke a cikin fim din, bayan haka ruwan sha na gaba zai cire datti kuma ya tsaftace kujeru.
Amfanin Nanomaterials
Kaddarorin nanomaterials, musamman girmansu, suna ba da fa'idodi daban-daban idan aka kwatanta da nau'in nau'in kayan, da juzu'insu dangane da ikon daidaita su don takamaiman buƙatu na ƙara fa'idarsu.Wani ƙarin fa'ida shine babban ƙarfin su, wanda kuma yana ƙara buƙatar amfani da su a cikin masana'antu da yawa.
A bangaren makamashi, amfani da nanomaterials yana da fa'ida ta yadda za su iya sanya hanyoyin samar da makamashi da ake amfani da su - irin su na'urorin hasken rana - mafi inganci da tsada, da kuma bude sabbin hanyoyin da za a iya amfani da su da kuma adana makamashi. .
Nanomaterials kuma an saita su don gabatar da fa'idodi da yawa a cikin kayan lantarki da masana'antar kwamfuta.Amfani da su zai ba da damar haɓaka daidaiton ginin da'irori na lantarki akan matakin atomic, yana taimakawa haɓaka samfuran lantarki da yawa.
Matsakaicin girman saman-zuwa-girma na nanomaterials yana da amfani musamman a cikin amfani da su a fagen likitanci, wanda ke ba da izinin haɗin sel da kayan aiki masu aiki.Wannan yana haifar da fa'ida a bayyane na karuwa a cikin yiwuwar samun nasarar magance cututtuka daban-daban.
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba 18-2020