Kemikari synthesis chinhu chakakosha chemazuva ano tsvagiridzo yesainzi uye kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri. Inosanganisira kugadzirwa kwemakomisheni matsva kuburikidza neakasiyana makemikari maitiro, uye imwe kiyi reagent inoita basa rakakosha mukuita uku sodium cyanoborohydride.
Sodium cyanoborohydride, ine kemikari formula NaBH3CN, inyanzvi yakawanda inoderedza simba inowanzoshandiswa mumakemikari emakemikari. Inonyanya kukosha pakukwanisa kwayo kudzikisa zvakasarudzwa aldehydes uye ketoni kune avo vakasiyana doro, zvichiita kuti ive chinhu chakakosha mukugadzirwa kwemishonga, makemikari akanaka, uye mamwe organic compounds.
Imwe yemabhenefiti makuru ekushandisa sodium cyanoborohydride sechinhu chinoderedza maitiro ayo akapfava maitiro. Kusiyana nemamwe anowanzo shandiswa ekudzikisa maajenti akadai se lithium aluminium hydride, sodium cyanoborohydride inoshanda pasi pemamiriro akapfava, zvichiita kuti ive yakachengeteka uye zviri nyore kushandisa mumarabhoritari marongero. Unyoro uhwu hunobvumirawo kudzora kurinani kwemaitiro, kuderedza njodzi yezvisingadiwe divi rekuita kana kuderedzwa zvakanyanya kwezvinonangwa makomisheni.
Imwe mukana mukuru we sodium cyanoborohydride ndeyekusarudzwa kwayo kwepamusoro. Kana ichishandiswa kuderedza carbonyl makomisheni, kazhinji inodzivirira kupindira nemamwe mapoka anoshanda aripo mumorekuru, zvichikonzera kuita kwakachena uye kunoshanda. Kusarudzika uku kwakakosha mukuumbwa kwema organic molecules, uko kuchengetedza kwemamwe mapoka anoshanda kunowanzo kukosha kune inodiwa chimiro chemakemikari uye zvivakwa.
Pamusoro pekuva mumiriri wekudzikisa, sodium cyanoborohydride inogona kushandiswa mune mamwe makemikari shanduko. Inogona kushandiswa kudzikisa amination yealdehydes uye ketoni, pamwe chete nekugadzirwa kwemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzeheterocyclic. Kusarudzika kwayo uye kuenderana neakasiyana emapoka anoshanda anoita kuti ive chishandiso chakakosha chemakemikari anotarisana neakasiyana ekugadzira matambudziko.
Pamusoro pezvo, sodium cyanoborohydride inozivikanwa nekugadzikana kwayo uye nyore kubata. Kusiyana nemamwe mareagents ekuita, inogona kuchengetwa uye kutakurwa pasina kungwarira zvakanyanya, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakanyanya kushanda muzvidzidzo nemaindasitiri.
Kunyange zvazvo sodium cyanoborohydride ine zvakawanda zvakanakira, zvakakosha kuziva kuti, kufanana nechero makemikari agent, inofanira kutarisirwa nekuchenjerera uye kutevera nzira dzakakodzera dzekuchengetedza. Kunyangwe ichionekwa seyakachengetedzeka kupfuura mamwe maajenti ekudzikisa, ichiri kemikari ine simba uye matanho akakodzera anofanirwa kutorwa pasi pekutungamirwa nenyanzvi yemakemikari.
Mukupedzisa, sodium cyanoborohydride inobata basa rakakosha mumakemikari synthesis, kunyanya mukuderedza carbonyl makomisheni uye dzimwe shanduko dzine hukama. Mamiriro ekuita ayo akapfava, kusarudza kwepamusoro, kuita zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, uye kugadzikana kunoita kuti ive chinhu chakakosha mubhokisi rezvishandiso remakemikari. Sezvo tsvakiridzo nekusimudzira mumunda we organic chemistry kuri kuramba kuchienderera mberi, kukosha kwesodium cyanoborohydride mukugonesa shanduko yemakemikari matsva uye kuumbwa kwemanovel makomputa kungangoramba kwakakosha.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-16-2024