Nanomaterials inogona kutsanangurwa semidziyo ine, padiki, imwe yekunze dimension inoyera 1-100nm.Tsananguro yakapihwa neEuropean Commission inotaura kuti saizi yeinosvika hafu yezvikamu muhuwandu hwekugovera saizi inofanira kuyera 100nm kana pasi.
Nanomaterials inogona kuitika yakasikwa, kugadzirwa senge-zvigadzirwa zvekupisa kwekuita, kana kugadzirwa zvine chinangwa kuburikidza neinjiniya kuita basa rakasarudzika.Zvishandiso izvi zvinogona kuve neakasiyana emuviri uye makemikari zvimiro kune avo akawanda-fomu mamwe.
Ndezvipi zvinoshandiswa zveNanomaterials?
Nekuda kwekugona kugadzira izvo zvekushandisa neimwe nzira kuita basa chairo, kushandiswa kwemananomaterials kunotenderera mumaindasitiri akasiyana siyana, kubva kuhutano uye zvekuzora kusvika pakuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza uye kucheneswa kwemhepo.
Munda wehutano, semuenzaniso, unoshandisa nanomaterials munzira dzakasiyana siyana, nekushandiswa kukuru kuunza zvinodhaka.Mumwe muenzaniso wemaitiro aya ndewekuti nanoparticles ari kugadzirwa kuti abatsire kutakurwa kwechemotherapy mishonga zvakanangana nekukura kwegomarara, pamwe nekuendesa mishonga kunzvimbo dzetsinga dzakakuvadzwa kuitira kurwisa chirwere chemoyo.Carbon nanotubes zvakare ari kugadzirwa kuitira kuti ashandiswe muzvirongwa zvakaita sekuwedzera masoja ekudzivirira chirwere kumananotubes kugadzira mabhakitiriya sensors.
Mumuchadenga, kabhoni nanotubes inogona kushandiswa mukuchinja kwemapapiro endege.Iwo nanotubes anoshandiswa muchimiro chakaumbwa kuti akotame mukupindura kushandiswa kwemagetsi emagetsi.
Kumwe kunhu, maitiro ekuchengetedza nharaunda anoshandisa chero nanomaterials zvakare - mune iyi kesi, nanowires.Zvishandiso zviri kugadzirwa kuti zvishandise nanowires - zinc oxide nanowires- mumasero anochinjika ezuva pamwe nekuita basa mukurapa kwemvura yakasvibiswa.
Mienzaniso yeNanomaterials uye maIndustries avanoshandiswa mairi
Kushandiswa kwemananomaterials kwakawanda mune dzakasiyana siyana maindasitiri uye zvigadzirwa zvevatengi.
Muindasitiri yezvizorwa, mamineral nanoparticles - senge titanium oxide - anoshandiswa muzuva, nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwakashata kunopihwa nekemikari kuchengetedzwa kweUV kwenguva refu.Sezvinongoita zvinhu zvakawanda, titanium oxide nanoparticles inokwanisa kupa kuchengetedzwa kweUV yakagadziridzwa ukuwo iine mukana wakawedzerwa wekubvisa kuchena kusingafadzi kwakabatana nesunscreen mune yavo nano-fomu.
Indasitiri yemitambo yanga ichigadzira mabheti ebaseball akagadzirwa nekabhoni nanotubes, zvichiita kuti zviremwaremwa zvireruke nekudaro zvinovandudza kuita kwavo.Kuwedzera kushandiswa kwemananomaterials muindastiri iyi kunogona kuonekwa mukushandiswa kweantimicrobial nanotechnology muzvinhu zvakadai sematauro uye mateti anoshandiswa nevanhu vemitambo, kuitira kudzivirira zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nemabhakitiriya.
Nanomaterials zvakare yakagadzirwa kuti ishandiswe muchiuto.Mumwe muenzaniso ndewekushandiswa kwe mobile pigment nanoparticles iri kushandiswa kugadzira iri nani yecamouflage, kuburikidza nemajekiseni ezvimedu muzvinhu zveunifomu dzevarwi.Pamusoro pezvo, mauto akagadzira ma sensor masisitimu anoshandisa nanomaterials, senge titanium dioxide, anogona kuona biological agents.
Iko kushandiswa kwenano-titanium dioxide kunowedzerawo kushandiswa mumachira kugadzira nzvimbo dzekuzvichenesa, senge macheya egadheni epurasitiki.Firimu yakavharidzirwa yemvura inogadzirwa pamucheka, uye chero tsvina inonyunguduka mufirimu, mushure mokunge mvura inotevera ichabvisa tsvina uye inonyanya kuchenesa zvigaro.
Zvakanakira zveNanomaterials
Izvo zvimiro zvenanomaterials, kunyanya saizi yavo, zvinopa akasiyana akasiyana mabhenefiti kana achienzaniswa neakawanda-fomu yezvishandiso, uye kuita kwavo kwakasiyana-siyana maererano nekugona kuzvigadzirisa kune zvakati zvinodiwa kunosimbisa kukosha kwavo.Imwezve mukana ndeye porosity yavo yakakwira, iyo inowedzera kudiwa kwekushandisa kwavo muhuwandu hwemaindasitiri.
Muchikamu chesimba, kushandiswa kwemananomaterials kunobatsira pakuti vanogona kugadzira nzira dziripo dzekugadzira simba - senge solar panels - inoshanda zvakanyanya uye inodhura, pamwe nekuvhura nzira nyowani dzekuti zvese zviri zviviri shandisa uye kuchengetedza simba. .
Nanomaterials zvakare yakagadzirirwa kuunza akati wandei mabhenefiti muindasitiri yemagetsi uye komputa.Kushandiswa kwavo kunobvumira kuwedzera kwekururama kwekuvakwa kwemagetsi emagetsi paatomu, zvichibatsira mukugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvakawanda.
Iyo yakakura kwazvo-kusvika-vhoriyamu reshiyo yemananomaterials inonyanya kubatsira mukushandisa kwavo munharaunda yekurapa, iyo inobvumira kusungirirwa kwemaseru uye inoshanda zvinongedzo.Izvi zvinoguma nekunakirwa kwakajeka kwekuwedzera kwemukana wekubudirira kurwisa zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-18-2020