I-sodium borohydride iyinhlanganisela ye-inorganic eguquguqukayo eye yaba yisisekelo ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezihlukile.Kuyinto emhlophe yekristalu enefomula yamakhemikhali i-NaBH4 ehlanganisa i-sodium cations nama-anions e-borohydride.Le nhlanganisela yaziwa ngekhono layo lokunciphisa izinhlanganisela ezihlukahlukene ze-organic kanye ne-inorganic, okuyenza ibe i-reagent ethandwayo kuma-laboratories amakhemikhali.
I-sodium borohydrideisetshenziswa kakhulu njenge-ejenti yokunciphisa ku-organic synthesis.Inciphisa ngokuphumelelayo ama-ketones nama-aldehyde otshwaleni bawo abafanele, okuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekwakhiweni kwezidakamizwa, amakha nezinongo.Le nhlanganisela ibuye isetshenziswe kwezinye izimo zokwenziwa ezifana ne-esterification, amidation kanye ne-alkylation.Kulezi zinqubo, i-sodium borohydride iwumthombo omuhle kakhulu we-hydrogen ukuguqula ama-reactants abe yimikhiqizo emisha.
Ngaphezu kokuba i-reagent evamile ku-organic chemistry,sodium borohydrideiyasebenza kwezinye izimboni ezifana nezamandla nezolimo.Muva nje, abacwaningi bebelokhu behlola ukusetshenziswa kwe-sodium borohydride ezinhlelweni zokugcina i-hydrogen ezimotweni zamaseli kaphethiloli.Amangqamuzana kaphethiloli e-hydrogen abhekwa njengenye indlela esimeme kakhudlwana kumafutha endabuko ensalela ngenxa yokuthi ashisa ahlanzekile futhi akhiqize amanzi kuphela njengomkhiqizo.Nokho, ukugcina i-hydrogen ngendlela ephephile nephumelelayo kuyinselele.Yilapho i-sodium borohydride ingena khona njengesixazululo esingaba khona ngoba ikhipha igesi ye-hydrogen lapho ishiswa.
Kwezolimo, i-sodium borohydride isetshenziswa njengesibulala-zinambuzane ukulawula izinambuzane ezifana nezimpukane.Le nhlanganisela ikhipha igesi ye-hydrogen lapho ihlangana namanzi noma umswakama emoyeni.Igesi ye-hydrogen ekhiqizwayo inobuthi ezinambuzaneni, okwenza ibe isibulala-zinambuzane esisebenzayo.I-sodium borohydride iphinde isetshenziswe njengesichibiyelo senhlabathi ngoba yandisa i-pH yomhlabathi futhi ithuthukisa amandla awo okubamba amanzi.
Nakubasodium borohydrideinezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi, ukukhathazeka kusasele mayelana nokukhiqizwa nokusetshenziswa kwayo.Inqubo yokukhiqiza ihilela ukusabela kwe-sodium hydride ne-boron trioxide, ekhulula ukushisa okuningi futhi idinga izinyathelo ezifanele zokuphepha ukuze kugwenywe ukuqhuma.Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma i-sodium borohydride isisetshenzisiwe, imikhiqizo yayo ingaba nomthelela omubi emvelweni.Ngakho-ke, izindlela ezifanele zokulahla kufanele zisetshenziswe ukuvimbela ukungcoliswa kwezinhlelo zenhlabathi namanzi.
Ngokufigqiwe,sodium borohydrideiyinhlanganisela eguquguqukayo ethole ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini ezimbalwa, kufaka phakathi i-organic synthesis, amandla, kanye nezolimo.Izici zayo eziyingqayizivele zokunciphisa kanye nekhono lokukhulula i-hydrogen kuyenza ibe ithuluzi elibalulekile ekuphenduleni kwamakhemikhali, ubuchwepheshe be-fuel cell kanye nokulawula izinambuzane.Nokho, ukukhiqizwa nokusetshenziswa kwayo kufanele kulawulwe ngokucophelela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha futhi kuncishiswe imithelela engemihle kwezemvelo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-08-2023