Ama-Nanomatadium angachazwa njengezinto ezinazo, okungenani, ubukhulu obubodwa bangaphandle obungu-1-100nm.Incazelo enikezwe yi-European Commission ithi usayizi wezinhlayiyana okungenani uhhafu wezinhlayiya zokusabalalisa usayizi wenombolo kufanele ulinganise u-100nm noma ngaphansi.
Ama-Nanomatadium angenzeka ngokwemvelo, adalwe njengemikhiqizo ephuma ku-ejenti yokusha, noma akhiqizwe ngenhloso ngobunjiniyela ukuze enze umsebenzi okhethekile.Lezi zinto zingaba nezakhiwo ezahlukene zomzimba kanye namakhemikhali kozakwabo befomu lenqwaba.
Yiziphi izinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-Nanomatadium?
Ngenxa yekhono lokukhiqiza izinto ngendlela ethile ukuze zidlale indima ethile, ukusetshenziswa kwama-nanomaterials kudlulela ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene, kusukela kwezokunakekelwa kwempilo nezimonyo kuya ekulondolozweni kwemvelo kanye nokuhlanzwa komoya.
Umkhakha wezokunakekelwa kwempilo, ngokwesibonelo, usebenzisa ama-nanomaterials ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, okukodwa okusetshenziselwa ukulethwa kwezidakamizwa.Isibonelo esisodwa sale nqubo yilapho kuthuthukiswa khona ama-nanoparticles ukuze asize ukuthuthwa kwemithi yokwelapha ngamakhemikhali ngokuqondile ezimilanjeni ezinomdlavuza, kanye nokuletha izidakamizwa ezindaweni zemithambo ezilimele ukuze kuliwe nesifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.Ama-nanotubes e-carbon nawo ayathuthukiswa ukuze asetshenziswe ezinqubweni ezifana nokwengezwa kwamasosha omzimba kuma-nanotubes ukuze kwakheke izinzwa zebhaktheriya.
Emkhathini, ama-carbon nanotubes angasetshenziswa ekuguquleni amaphiko endiza.Ama-nanotubes asetshenziswa efomini eliyinhlanganisela ukuze agobe ekuphenduleni ukusetshenziswa kwe-voltage kagesi.
Kwenye indawo, izinqubo zokulondolozwa kwemvelo zisebenzisa ama-nanomaterials nawo - kulokhu, ama-nanowires.Izicelo ziyathuthukiswa ukuze zisebenzise ama-nanowires - zinc oxide nanowires- kumaseli elanga aguquguqukayo kanye nokubamba iqhaza ekwelapheni amanzi angcolile.
Izibonelo ze-Nanomatadium kanye nezimboni ezisetshenziswa kuzo
Ukusetshenziswa kwama-nanomaterials kudlangile ezinhlobonhlobo zezimboni nemikhiqizo yabathengi.
Embonini yezimonyo, ama-nanoparticles amaminerali -njenge-titanium oxide -asetshenziswa esikhumbeni selanga, ngenxa yokungaqini kahle okunikezwa ukuvikela kwamakhemikhali e-UV esikhathini eside.Njengoba nje into eyinqwaba ibingenza, i-titanium oxide nanoparticles iyakwazi ukuhlinzeka ngokuvikeleka kwe-UV okuthuthukisiwe kuyilapho futhi ibe nenzuzo eyengeziwe yokususa ubumhlophe obungakhangi obuhlotshaniswa ne-sunscreen ngendlela yayo ye-nano.
Imboni yezemidlalo ibikhiqiza amalulwane e-baseball enziwe nge-carbon nanotubes, okwenza amalulwane abe lula ngakho athuthukisa ukusebenza kwawo.Ukusetshenziswa okwengeziwe kwama-nanomaterials kule mboni kungabonakala ekusetshenzisweni kwe-nanotechnology elwa namagciwane ezintweni ezifana namathawula namacansi asetshenziswa abantu bezemidlalo, ukuze kuvinjelwe izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane.
Ama-Nanomatadium nawo athuthukisiwe ukuze asetshenziswe kwezempi.Isibonelo esisodwa ukusetshenziswa kwe-nanoparticles ye-pigment ehambayo esetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza uhlobo olungcono lokufihla, ngokujova izinhlayiya kumfaniswano wamasosha.Ukwengeza, amasosha asungule amasistimu wezinzwa asebenzisa ama-nanomaterials, njenge-titanium dioxide, angathola ama-biological agents.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-nano-titanium dioxide kuphinde kunwetshwe ekusetshenzisweni kwezingubo ukuze kwakhiwe izindawo ezizihlanzayo, njengalezo zezihlalo zengadi zepulasitiki.Ifilimu evaliwe yamanzi idalwe embotsheni, futhi noma yikuphi ukungcola kuhlakazeka efilimu, emva kwalokho ishawa elilandelayo lizosusa ukungcola futhi ngokuyisisekelo lihlanze izihlalo.
Izinzuzo ze-Nanomatadium
Izakhiwo zama-nanomaterials, ikakhulukazi ubukhulu bazo, zinikeza izinzuzo ezihlukahlukene ezihlukene uma kuqhathaniswa nenqwaba yefomu lezinto zokwakha, futhi ukuguquguquka kwazo ngokwekhono lokuzihlanganisela izidingo ezithile kugcizelela ukubaluleka kwazo.Inzuzo eyengeziwe ukuthi i-porosity yabo ephezulu, ephinda ikhulise isidingo sokusetshenziswa kwabo ezimbonini eziningi.
Emkhakheni wamandla, ukusetshenziswa kwama-nanomaterials kunenzuzo ngoba angakwazi ukwenza izindlela ezikhona zokukhiqiza amandla - njengamaphaneli elanga - asebenza kahle futhi angabizi kakhulu, kanye nokuvula izindlela ezintsha zokusebenzisa nokugcina amandla. .
Ama-Nanomatadium nawo asethelwe ukwethula inani lezinzuzo embonini ye-electronics ne-computing.Ukusetshenziswa kwazo kuzovumela ukwanda kokunemba kokwakhiwa kwamasekethe e-elekthronikhi ezingeni le-athomu, okusiza ekuthuthukisweni kwemikhiqizo eminingi ye-elekthronikhi.
Isilinganiso esikhulu kakhulu se-surface-to-volume sama-nanomaterials siwusizo ikakhulukazi ekusebenziseni kwabo emkhakheni wezokwelapha, okuvumela ukuhlangana kwamaseli nezithako ezisebenzayo.Lokhu kubangela inzuzo esobala yokwanda kwamathuba okulwa ngokuphumelelayo nezifo ezihlukahlukene.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-18-2020